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GRE #13 Paper 3

1. Because no comprehensive----exist regarding
personal reading practices, we do not know, for
example, the greatest number of books read in
an individual lifetime.
(A) records (B) instincts (C) remedies
(D) proposals (E) commercials

2. In our corporation there is a----between male
and female----because 73 percent of the men and
34 percent of the women polled believe that our
company provides equal compensation to men and
women.
(A) contrast.. stereotypes
(B) difference.. perceptions
(C) variation.. salaries
(D) resemblance.. employees
(E) similarity.. aspirations

3. The wonder of De Quincey is that although opium
dominated his life, it never----him; indeed, he
turned its use to----when he published the story
of its influence in the London Magazine.
(A) overcame.. altruism
(B) intimidated.. triumph
(C) distressed.. pleasure
(D) conquered.. gain
(E) released.. necessity

4. The reduction of noise has been----in terms of
----its sources, but the alternative of canceling
noise out by adding sound with the opposite wave
pattern may be more useful in practice.
(A) justified.. diffusing
(B) accomplished.. tracking
(C) conceived.. concealing
(D) explained.. isolating
(E) approached.. eliminating

5. While Parker is very outspoken on issues she cares
about, she is not----; she concedes the----of
opposing arguments when they expose weaknesses
inherent in her own.
(A) fickle.. validity
(B) arrogant.. restraint
(C) fanatical.. strength
(D) congenial.. incompatibility
(E) unyielding.. speciousness

6. Hampshire’s assertions, far from showing that we can
----the ancient puzzles about objectivity, reveal the
issue to be even more----than we had thought.
(A) adapt.. pressing
(B) dismiss.. relevant
(C) rediscover.. unconventional
(D) admire.. elusive
(E) appreciate.. interesting

7. Usually the first to spot data that were inconsistent
with other findings, in this particular experiments she
let a number of----results slip by.
(A) inaccurate (B) verifiable
(C) redundant (D) salient
(E) anomalous

8. TORNADO: AIR::
(A) whirlpool: water
(B) sinkhole: ground
(C) forest: fire
(D) gusher: oil
(E) thunderbolt: lightning

9. SINGER: CHOIR::
(A) flower: bouquet
(B) leaf: forest (C) flute: reed
(D) line: sculpture (E) rhythm: time

10. PIGMENT: COLOR::
(A) sizing: fabric (B) spice: flavor
(C) steel: alloy (D) fertilizer: soil
(E) rock: energy

11. LABYRINTH: TORTUOUS::
(A) ornament: decorative
(B) editorial: refutable
(C) portrait: accurate
(D) poster: startling
(E) pageant: retrospective
12. PRATE: SPEAK::
(A) digress: conclude
(B) probe: examine
(C) soar: travel
(D) wheedle: coax
(E) saunter: walk

13. PERTURB: SERENITY::
(A) caress: affection
(B) protect: security
(C) harangue: bombast
(D) annoy: consideration
(E) reassure: doubt

14. FURTIVE: STEALTH::
(A) loquacious: intelligence
(B) immoral: contrition
(C) pontifical: reverence
(D) whimsical: caprice
(E) arduous: endurance

15. TENDER: ACCEPTANCE::
(A) publish: wisdom
(B) exhibit: inspection
(C) scrutinize: foresight
(D) authorize: approval
(E) declare: observation

16. PLUTOCRACY: WEALTH::
(A) democracy: freedom
(B) aristocracy: land
(C) gerontocracy: age
(D) technocracy: ability
(E) autocracy: birth

Traditional research has confronted only Mexican
and United States interpretations of Mexican-American
culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we
Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from
a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving
settlers to, finally, a conquered people—a charter mi-
nority on our own land.
When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they inter-
married with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous
Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation
was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early
1800’s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican
life and government. In the 1820’s, United States citizens
migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton.
As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of
acquiring land by subduing native populations began to
dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly, culmi-
nating in a military conflict that led to victory for the
United States. Thus, suddenly deprived of our parent
culture, we had to evolve uniquely Mexican-American
modes of thought and action in order to survive.

17. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is
primarily to
(A) suggest the motives behind Mexican and United
States intervention in Texas
(B) document certain early objectives of Mexican-
American society
(C) provide a historical perspective for a new anal-
ysis of Mexican-American culture
(D) appeal to both Mexican and United States
scholars to give greater consideration to
economic interpretations of history
(E) bring to light previously overlooked research on
Mexican Americans

18. The author most probably uses the phrase
“charter minority” (lines 6-7) to reinforce the
idea that Mexican Americans
(A) are a native rather than an immigrant group
in the United States
(B) played an active political role when Texas first
became part of the United States
(C) recognized very early in the nineteenth century
the need for official confirmation of their
rights of citizenship
(D) have been misunderstood by scholars trying
to interpret their culture
(E) identify more closely with their Indian heritage
than with their Spanish heritage

19. According to the passage, a major difference betw-
een the colonization policy of the United States
and that of Mexico in Texas in the 1800’s was the
(A) degree to which policies were based on tradition
(B) form of economic interdependency between
different cultural groups
(C) number of people who came to settle new areas
(D) treatment of the native inhabitants
(E) relationship between the military and the settlers

20. Which of the following statements most clearly
contradicts the information in this passage?
(A) In the early 1800’s, the Spanish committed more
resources to settling California than
to developing Texas.
(B) While Texas was under Mexican control, the
population of Texas quadrupled, in spite of the
fact that Mexico discouraged immigration
from the United States.
(C) By the time Mexico acquired Texas, many
Indians had already married people of
Spanish heritage.
(D) Many Mexicans living in Texas returned to
Mexico after Texas was annexed by the
United States.
(E) Most Indians living in Texas resisted Spanish
acculturation and were either killed or
enslaved.

This passage was adapted from an article published in 1982.

Until about five years ago, the very idea that peptide
hormones might be made anywhere in the brain besides
the hypothalamus was astounding. Peptide hormones,
scientists thought, were made by endocrine glands and
(5)the hypothalamus was thought to be the brains’ only
endocrine gland. What is more, because peptide hor-
mones cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, researchers
believed that they never got to any part of the brain
other than the hypothalamus, where they were simply
(10)produced and then released into the bloodstream.
But these beliefs about peptide hormones were ques-
tioned as laboratory after laboratory found that anti-
serums to peptide hormones, when injected into the
brain, bind in places other than the hypothalamus, indi-
(15)cating that either the hormones or substances that cross-
react with the antiserums are present. The immunolog-
ical method of detecting peptide hormones by means
of antiserums, however, is imprecise. Cross-reactions
are possible and this method cannot determine whether
(20)the substances detected by the antiserums really are the
hormones, or merely close relatives. Furthermore, this
method cannot be used to determine the location in
the body where the detected substances are actually
produced.
(25) New techniques of molecular biology, however, pro-
vide a way to answer these questions. It is possible to
make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s) that
can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger
RNA’s (mRNA’s) of the peptide hormones.If brain cells
(30)are making the hormones, the cells will contain these
mRNA’s. If the products the brain cells make resemble
the hormones but are not identical to them, then the
cDNA’s should still bind to these mRNA’s, but should
not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the
(35)true hormones. The cells containing these mRNA’s can
then be isolated and their mRNA’s decoded to deter-
mine just what their protein products are and how
closely the products resemble the true peptide hor-
mones.
(40) The molecular approach to detecting peptide hor-
mones using cDNA probes should also be much faster
than the immunological method because it can take
years of tedious purifications to isolate peptide hor-
mones and then develop antiserums to them. Roberts,
(45)expressing the sentiment of many researchers, states:
“I was trained as an endocrinologist. But it became
clear to me that the field of endocrinology needed
molecular biology input. The process of grinding
out protein purifications is just too slow.”
(50) If, as the initial tests with cDNA probes suggest,
peptide hormones really are made in the brain in areas
other than the hypothalamus, a theory must be devel-
oped that explains their function in the brain. Some
have suggested that the hormones are all growth regula-
(55)tors, but Rosen’s work on rat brains indicates that this
cannot be true. A number of other researchers propose
that they might be used for intercellular communication
in the brain.

21. Which of the following titles best summarizes the
passage?
(A) Is Molecular Biology the Key to Understanding
Intercellular Communication in the Brain?
(B) Molecular Biology: Can Researchers Exploit
Its Techniques to Synthesize Peptide
Hormones?
(C) The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Immunological Approach to Detecting
Peptide Hormones
(D) Peptide Hormones: How Scientists Are
Attempting to Solve Problems of Their
Detection and to Understand Their Function
(E) Peptide Hormones: The Role Played by
Messenger RNA’s in Their Detection

22. The passage suggests that a substance detected in the
brain by use of antiserums to peptide hormones may
(A) have been stored in the brain for a long period
of time
(B) play no role in the functioning of the brain
(C) have been produced in some part of the body
other than the brain
(D) have escaped detection by molecular methods
(E) play an important role in the functioning of the
hypothalamus

23. According to the passage, confirmation of the belief
that peptide hormones are made in the brain in
areas other than the hypothalamus would force
scientists to
(A) reject the theory that peptide hormones are
made by endocrine glands
(B) revise their beliefs about the ability of anti-
serums to detect peptide hormones
(C) invent techniques that would allow them to
locate accurately brain cells that produce
peptide hormones
(D) search for techniques that would enable them to
distinguish peptide hormones from their
close relatives
(E) develop a theory that explains the role played
by peptide hormones in the brain

24. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage
as a drawback of the immunological method of
detecting peptide hormones?
(A) It cannot be used to detect the presence of
growth regulators in the brain.
(B) It cannot distinguish between the peptide
hormones and substances that are very
similar to them.
(C) It uses antiserums that are unable to cross
the blood-brain barrier.
(D) It involves a purification process that requires
extensive training in endocrinology.
(E) It involves injecting foreign substances directly
into the bloodstream.

25. The passage implies that, in doing research on rat
brains, Rosen discovered that
(A) peptide hormones are used for intercellular
communication
(B) complementary DNA’s do not bind to cells
producing peptide hormones
(C) products closely resembling peptide hormones
are not identical to peptide hormones
(D) some peptide hormones do not function as
growth regulators
(E) antiserums cross-react with substances that
are not peptide hormones

26. Which of the following is a way in which the
immunological method of detecting peptide
hormones differs from the molecular method?
(A) The immunological method uses substances
that react with products of hormone-
producing cells, whereas the molecular
method uses substances that react with a
specific component of the cells themselves.
(B) The immunological method has produced
results consistent with long-held beliefs
about peptide hormones, whereas the
molecular method has produced results
that upset these beliefs.
(C) The immunological method requires a great
deal of expertise, whereas the molecular
method has been used successfully by
nonspecialists.
(D) The immunological method can only be used
to test for the presence of peptide hormones
within the hypothalamus, whereas the molec-
ular method can be used throughout the brain.
(E) The immunological method uses probes
that can only bind with peptide hormones,
whereas the molecular method uses probes
that bind with peptide hormones and sub-
stances similar to them.

27. The idea that the field of endocrinology can gain
from developments in molecular biology is regarded
by Roberts with
(A) incredulity
(B) derision
(C) indifference
(D) pride
(E) enthusiasm

28. ORIENT:
(A) hasten (B) defile (C) menace
(D) confuse (E) decline

29. UNIMPEACHABLE:
(A) irritable (B) preventable
(C) unused to conflict
(D) open to question
(E) available for discussion

30. MEANDER:
(A) change permanently
(B) believe strongly
(C) behave appropriately
(D) move purposively
(E) handle firmly

31. EXPEND:
(A) proceed toward (B) take away
(C) place upon (D) hold to (E) store up

32. SEAMY:
(A) decent and respectable
(B) jagged and irregular
(C) strict and authoritarian
(D) ornate and adorned
(E) subtle and dangerous

33. LUCID:
(A) unrecognized (B) limited
(C) murky (D) improbabl
(E) inconsistent

34. LASSITUDE:
(A) a fear of discovery
(B) a feeling of vigor
(C) a twinge of embarrassment
(D) a want of seriousness
(E) a sense of superiority

35. HALLMARK:
(A) grave defect (B) valueless object
(C) unfortunate incident
(D) uncharacteristic feature
(E) untimely event

36. DIATRIBE:
(A) sermon (B) discourse
(C) eulogy (D) lecture (E) oration

37. SEDULITY:
(A) lack of industriousness
(B) abundance of supporters
(C) contradiction of doctrine
(D) rejection of analysis
(E) depletion of resources

38. APPOSITE:
(A) malevolent (B) implicit
(C) disorganized (D) avoidable
(E) irrelevant

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Question Popularity: Submitted 2009-05-13 07:11:25

Question Popularity:
Submitted 2009-05-13 07:11:25